YII FrameWork Create DataBases

Creating Database

Earlier we performed CRUD operation with yii's Gii generating tool. Now we'll perform CRUD without Gii.

We'll perform a complete CRUD operation here.

The name of our Yii2 folder is dbb.

We have created a database named student and a table inside it named child.

Look at the above snapshot, this is our table's structure.

---

Database Configuration

To configure your database in Yii2, go to common/config/main-local.php file and write the name of your database.

We have written student as the name of our database.

1. <?php   
2. return [   
3.     'components' => [   
4.         'db' => [   
5.             'class' => 'yii\db\Connection',   
6.             'dsn' => 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=student',   
7.             'username' => 'root',   
8.             'password' => 'mysql',   
9.             'charset' => 'utf8',   
10.        ],   
11.         'mailer' => [   
12.             'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer',   
13.             'viewPath' => '@common/mail',   
14.             // send all mails to a file by default. You have to set   
15.             // 'useFileTransport' to false and configure a transport   
16.             // for the mailer to send real emails.   
17.             'useFileTransport' => true,   
18.         ],   
19.     ],   
20. ];   

Create (Insert) Record

To insert the records in the database, following steps are there. We have named our Yii2 folder as create.

Step 1 Create Model file

Create a model file child.php in frontend/models folder.

1. <?php   
2. namespace app\models;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5.    
6. class Child extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord   
7. {   
8.     /**  
9.      * @inheritdoc  
10.      */   
11.     public static function tableName()   
12.     {   
13.         return 'child';   
14.     }   
15.        
16.     /**  
17.      * @inheritdoc  
18.      */   
19.     public function rules()   
20.     {   
21.         return [   
22.             [['name', 'meaning', 'gender'], 'required'],   
23.             [['name', 'meaning'], 'string', 'max' => 100],   
24.             [['gender'], 'string', 'max' => 15]   
25.         ];   
26.     }   
27. }  

Look at the above code,

• \yii\db\ActiveRecord is used to create a model file.
• In function tableName put the table name you are using.
• Function rules define the inputs of your table.

Step 2 Create Controllers file

Create a controller file ChildController.php in frontend/controllers folder.

1. <?php   
2. namespace frontend\controllers;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5. use app\models\Child;   
6. use yii\web\Controller;   
7.   
8. /**  
9.  * manual CRUD  
10.  **/   
11. class ChildController extends Controller   
12. {    
13.     /**  
14.      * Create  
15.      */   
16.     public function actionCreate()   
17.     {   
18.           
19.         $model = new Child();   
20.    
21.         // new record   
22.         if($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save()){   
23.             return $this->redirect(['index']);   
24.         }   
25.                    
26.         return $this->render('create', ['model' => $model]);   
27.     }  
28.     }  

Step 3 Create View file

Create a view folder child in frontend/views folder. Then create a file create.php in frontend/views/child folder.

1. <?= $this->render('child_view', [   
2.     'model' => $model,   
3. ]) ?>  

Now create a file child_view.php in frontend/views/child folder.

1. <?php   
2. use yii\helpers\Html;   
3. use yii\widgets\ActiveForm;   
4. ?>   
5.    
6. <?php $form = ActiveForm::begin(); ?>   
7.    
8.     <?= $form->field($model, 'name'); ?>   
9.     <?= $form->field($model, 'meaning'); ?>   
10.     <?= $form->field($model, 'gender'); ?>   
11.       
12.     <?= Html::submitButton($model->isNewRecord ? 'Create' : 'Update', ['class' => $model->   
13.      isNewRecord ? 'btn btn-success' : 'btn btn-primary']); ?>   
14.    
15.    <?php ActiveForm::end(); ?>  

Step 4 Run it

Now run your application on your browser with the following URL.

http://localhost/create/frontend/web/index.php?r=child/create

Look at the above snpashot, after filling all the fields click on Create button and your data will be inserted into the database.

You can check it in the database from your phpmyadmin.

Read Record

Now we'll fetch the data from our table child. Here our Yiii2 folder is named as read.

Step 1 Create Model file

Create a model file child.php in frontend/models folder.

1. <?php   
2. namespace app\models;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5.    
6. class Child extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord   
7. {   
8.     /**  
9.      * @inheritdoc  
10.      */   
11.     public static function tableName()   
12.     {   
13.         return 'child';   
14.     }   
15.        
16.     /**  
17.      * @inheritdoc  
18.      */   
19.     public function rules()   
20.     {   
21.         return [   
22.             [['name', 'meaning', 'gender'], 'required'],   
23.             [['name', 'meaning'], 'string', 'max' => 100],   
24.             [['gender'], 'string', 'max' => 15]   
25.         ];   
26.     }   
27. }  

Step 2 Add action to read

In the ChildController.php file, we need to add the action actionIndex to fetch the data from the table.

1. <?php   
2. namespace frontend\controllers;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5. use app\models\Child;   
6. use yii\web\Controller;   
7.    
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * manual CRUD  
11.  **/   
12. class ChildController extends Controller   
13. {    
14.     /**  
15.      * Create  
16.      */   
17.     public function actionCreate()   
18.     {   
19.           
20.         $model = new Child();   
21.    
22.         // new record   
23.         if($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save()){   
24.             return $this->redirect(['index']);   
25.         }   
26.                    
27.         return $this->render('create', ['model' => $model]);   
28.     }   
29.   
30.     /**  
31.      * Read  
32.      */   
33.     public function actionIndex()   
34.     {   
35.         $child = Child::find()->all();   
36.            
37.         return $this->render('index', ['model' => $child]);   
38.     }  
39.     }  

Look at the above code, all code is same only action to fetch data is added in the last.

Step 3 Create View file

In the frontend/views/child folder, create a file index.php.

1. <?php   
2. use yii\helpers\Html;   
3. ?>   
4.    
5. <style>   
6. table th,td{   
7.     padding: 10px;   
8. }   
9. </style>   
10.    
11. <?= Html::a('Create', ['child/create'], ['class' => 'btn btn-success']); ?>   
12.    
13. <table border="1">   
14.    <tr>   
15.         <th>Name</th>   
16.         <th>Meaning</th>   
17.         <th>Gender</th>   
18.     </tr>   
19.     <?php foreach($model as $field){ ?>   
20.     <tr>   
21.         <td><?= $field->name; ?></td>   
22.         <td><?= $field->meaning; ?></td>   
23.         <td><?= $field->gender; ?></td>   
24.         <td><?= Html::a("Edit", ['child/edit', 'id' => $field->id]); ?> | <?= Html::a("Delete", ['child/delete', 'id' => $field->id]); ?></td>   
25.     </tr>   
26.     <?php } ?>  

Step 4 Run it

Run it on the browser,.

http://localhost/read/frontend/web/index.php?r=child%2Findex

Update Record

To update the records in the database, following these steps. We have named our Yii2 folder as update.

Step 1 Create Model file

Create a model file child.php in frontend/models folder.

1. <?php   
2. namespace app\models;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5.    
6. class Child extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord   
7. {   
8.     /**  
9.      * @inheritdoc  
10.      */   
11.     public static function tableName()   
12.     {   
13.         return 'child';   
14.     }   
15.        
16.     /**  
17.      * @inheritdoc  
18.      */   
19.     public function rules()   
20.     {   
21.         return [   
22.             [['name', 'meaning', 'gender'], 'required'],   
23.             [['name', 'meaning'], 'string', 'max' => 100],   
24.             [['gender'], 'string', 'max' => 15]   
25.         ];   
26.     }   
27. }  

Step 2 Add action in controllers

Add the update action actionEdit in controllers file ChildController.php.

1. <?php   
2. namespace frontend\controllers;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5. use app\models\Child;   
6. use yii\web\Controller;   
7.    
8.   
9. /**  
10. * manual CRUD  
11.  **/   
12. class ChildController extends Controller   
13. {    
14.     /**  
15.      * Create  
16.      */   
17.     public function actionCreate()   
18.     {   
19.           
20.         $model = new Child();   
21.    
22.         // new record   
23.         if($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save()){   
24.             return $this->redirect(['index']);   
25.         }   
26.                    
27.         return $this->render('create', ['model' => $model]);   
28.     }   
29.   
30.     /**  
31.      * Read  
32.      */   
33.     public function actionIndex()   
34.     {   
35.         $child = Child::find()->all();   
36.            
37.         return $this->render('index', ['model' => $child]);   
38.     }   
39.   
40.     /**  
41.      * Edit  
42.      * @param integer $id  
43.      */   
44.     public function actionEdit($id)   
45.     {   
46.         $model = Child::find()->where(['id' => $id])->one();   
47.    
48.         // $id not found in database   
49.         if($model === null)   
50.             throw new NotFoundHttpException('The requested page does not exist.');   
51.            
52.         // update record   
53.         if($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save()){   
54.             return $this->redirect(['index']);   
55.         }   
56.            
57.         return $this->render('edit', ['model' => $model]);   
58.     }   
59.     }  

Step 3 Create View file

Create a file edit.php in frontend/view/child folder.

1. <?= $this->render('child_view', [   
2.     'model' => $model,   
3. ]) ?>  

Step 4 Run it

Run it on the browser.

http://localhost/dbb/frontend/web/index.php?r=child%2Fedit&id=6

Click on Update, information will be updated.

Look at the last row in above snapshot, data is updated.

Delete Record

To delete records in the database, following these steps. We have named our Yii2 folder as delete.

Step 1 Create Model file

Create a model file child.php in frontend/models folder.

1. <?php   
2. namespace app\models;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5.    
6. class Child extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord   
7. {   
8.     /**  
9.      * @inheritdoc  
10.      */   
11.     public static function tableName()   
12.     {   
13.         return 'child';   
14.     }   
15.        
16.     /**  
17.      * @inheritdoc  
18.      */   
19.     public function rules()   
20.     {   
21.         return [   
22.             [['name', 'meaning', 'gender'], 'required'],   
23.             [['name', 'meaning'], 'string', 'max' => 100],   
24.             [['gender'], 'string', 'max' => 15]   
25.         ];   
26.     }   
27. }  

Step 2 Create action in controllers

Create an action actionDelete in ChildController.php file.

1. <?php   
2. namespace frontend\controllers;   
3.    
4. use Yii;   
5. use app\models\Child;   
6. use yii\web\Controller;   
7.    
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * manual CRUD  
11.  **/   
12. class ChildController extends Controller   
13. {    
14.     /**  
15.      * Create  
16.      */   
17.     public function actionCreate()   
18.     {   
19.           
20.         $model = new Child();   
21.    
22.         // new record   
23.         if($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save()){   
24.             return $this->redirect(['index']);   
25.         }   
26.                    
27.         return $this->render('create', ['model' => $model]);   
28.     }   
29.   
30.     /**  
31.      * Read  
32.      */   
33.     public function actionIndex()   
34.     {   
35.         $child = Child::find()->all();   
36.            
37.         return $this->render('index', ['model' => $child]);   
38.     }   
39.   
40.     /**  
41.      * Edit  
42.      * @param integer $id  
43.      */   
44.     public function actionEdit($id)   
45.     {   
46.         $model = Child::find()->where(['id' => $id])->one();   
47.    
48.         // $id not found in database   
49.         if($model === null)   
50.             throw new NotFoundHttpException('The requested page does not exist.');   
51.            
52.         // update record   
53.         if($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->save()){   
54.             return $this->redirect(['index']);   
55.         }   
56.            
57.         return $this->render('edit', ['model' => $model]);   
58.     }   
59.   
60.      /**  
61.     * Delete  
62.      * @param integer $id  
63.      */   
64.      public function actionDelete($id)   
65.      {   
66.          $model = Child::findOne($id);   
67.            
68.         // $id not found in database   
69.         if($model === null)   
70.             throw new NotFoundHttpException('The requested page does not exist.');   
71.                
72.         // delete record   
73.         $model->delete();   
74.            
75.         return $this->redirect(['index']);   
76.      }      
77.    }  

Step 3 Run it

Run it on the browser.

http://localhost/delete/frontend/web/index.php?r=child%2Findex

Look at the above snapshot, click the Delete option in the last row of the table.

Look at the above snapshot, respective row is deleted from the table.